Abstract: Based on the geochemical survey data of land quality of four counties(Dayao, Yao'an, Nanhua and Shuangbai) in central Yunnan Province, this paper studies the soil geochemical characteristics and Zn enrichment genesis in Yao'an County. The results show that the Zn-rich surface soil(with Zn content greater than or equal to 84×10^－6) covers an area of 713.68 km², accounting for 41.94% of the total area. Influenced by factors such as geological background, soil parent materials, and pH levels, the high-Zn zones are primarily distributed in the flatland areas along Taiping Town-Dongchuan Town-Guanglu Town, exhibiting a nearly north-south belt. Taking the Yao'an flatland as an example, the study on Zn enrichment genesis reveals that Zn primarily originates from the weathering of minerals in Zn-bearing rocks in alkali-rich porphyry areas. Through river transportation and subsequent clay adsorption processes, secondary Zn enrichment is completed in the Quaternary central flatland areas.